Hot-spot manifold



Dec. 4 1923.

R. W. A. BREWER HOT SPOT MANIFOLD Filed Aug. l1. l920 Patented Dec.a 4, 1923.

UNITED STATESl ROBERT WELLESLEY ANTONY BREWER, F DAYTON, OHIO.

HoT-sror MANIFOLD.

Application led Aug-ust 11, 1920. Serial No. 402,897.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, Ronnn'r lV, A. BREWER, a Subject of the King of Great Britain, re-

' siding at Dayton, in the county of Montgomery and State of Ohio, have invented a new and useful Hot-Spot Manifold, of which the following is a'specitication.

The object of my invention is to produce an improved hot spot passage for the reception and treatment of atomized liquid fuel for use in internal combustion engines.

The accompanying drawings illustrate my invention. Fig. 1 is a central vertical section of my improved structure, together with diagrammatic illustration of any desirable form of carbureter for delivery of initially atomized fuel thereto; Fig. 2 an end eleva tion; Fig. 3 a plan.

ln the drawings, 10 indicates a main hollow body Within which is formed an internal chamber so as to produce asurrounding chamber 11 for the reception of exhaust gases from the engine to be supplied, these exhaust gases entering at the top of chamber 11, through the passage 12, and, under some circumstances, being emitted to a greater or lesser' extent through bleed passages 13 and 14 in a manner to be described later.

The internal chamber, which lies within the chamber 11, and which serves as a passage for the reception and treatment of the initially atomized mixture, comprises a current deecting wall 15, a vortex-producing wall 16, diametrically opposite outlet passages 17, 17, and an outlet passage 18. The deflecting wall 15 is arranged so as to block direct flow which enters through the inlet passage 19 from the carburetor 20, this inlet passage comprising an inwardly-projecting annular flange 21 of less external diameter than the immediately adjacent portion of the mixture passage so as to form a fuel retaining puddle pocket 22, the. depth and liquid capacity of which will be determined either by the height of the flange 21 or by the lowermost perforations 23 which may be formed through the flange.

I prefer to form this flange of a separate piece, as indicated in Fig. 1, threaded into opening 19 and of any desired configuration,

depending to a considerable extent upon the peculiar conditions which may exist in conL nection with the particular motor which is to be supplied.

Vall l5, in conjunction with the projection 25, forms a throat 26 which leads into the vortex chamber formed by the wall 16, said wall havin a portion which is lower than the project1on 25 so as to form, in the bottom of the vortex chamber, a puddle pocket 27 which is preferably divided into a series of sections by intermediate transverse ribs 28, the purpose of which will be made to appear.

The Wall 16 is preferably slightly arcshaped in lateral section (at rightangles to the plane of Fig. 1) and the outlet eyes 17 are of relatively large diameter, so that the puddle pockets 27 are comparatively sha1- The exhaust bleeder pipe 13 leads from chamber 11 at a point closely adjacent the puddle pocket 22, while the exhaust bleeder pipe 14 leads from chamber 11 closely adjacent the puddle pockets 27, and in each of these bleeder pipes, I arrange a valve 30 of any desired construction, provided with means 31, by which said valves may be opened, in conjunction with means, such, for instance, as the valve 32 of carbureter 20, by which, under abnormal conditions, such, for instance, as starting, an excess of liquid fuel may be delivered from the carburete-r into my device.

It will, of course, be understood that where valve 32 is normally stationary, as is the case. in some carburetors, the same results may be obtained by correspondingly manipulating any valvel which will similarly atleet the fuel su )ply as,A for instance, the air choke valve rI'he outlet eyes 17 are arranged to connect to laterally extending manifold passages 17 17', indicated in Fig. 3, and passage 18 is arranged to be connected to a manifold 18 indicated in dotted lines of Fig. 1, the arrangement being such that one or more of the passages 17 and 18 may be utilized for connection with the main portion of the distributing manifold, depending uponthe particular engine with which my device is to be associated. A

In operation, the fuel mixture delivered from the carbureter will be impelled With great force upon the Wall 15 which, Whenever the engine is running, will be heated to a desirable temperature by the exhaust gases entering passage 12, and the excess, or liquid, portions of this fuel mixture will be deflected, heated and paritally vaporized by said Wall. Other portions of the liquid content of the mixture, after deflection by Wall 15, will drop into the puddle pocket 22 and be retained therein to a desirable maximum depth by the flange 21. Other portions of the liquid content of the mixture will, after deflection by the Wall 15, pass into the vortex chamber and will there strike the ripple ridges 28, so that those liquid portions of the mixture will be caused to have an intermediate dragging contact vwith the heated wall 16, the ripple ridges 28 serving, in conjunction with the high velocity gases, to break the surface tension of the liquid particles and insure a proper volatiliza-tion.

The ultimate gaseous mixture will pass out through the openings 17. 17 18 (one or more) and be delivered to the engine.

In starting a motor, it is, of course, eustomary to deliver an excessive amount of fuel either -by increasing the carbureter fuel jet opening, or choking the air inlet, and in either case, I have found it to be desirable to retain this excess fuel in the mixture passages until it has been volatilized. This retention is accomplished by the puddle ypockets 22 and 27 from which the fuel can only escape by volatilization. It is also desirable that the excess fuel be promptly volatilized and this is accomplished by the opening of the valves 30, 30, so as to cause a rapid circulation of exhaust gases' through the chamber 11 insuring the heating not only of the wall 15, but also an abnormal heating of the Wall 1G and the outer wall of the puddle pocket 22.

' As soon as the motor has started and the normal operation'attained, the excess supply of fuel is prevented by a resumption of the parts of the carbureter to normal running condition, as, for instance, by causing 'valve 32 to resume its normal position, and

that, after the entering fuel has been caused to violently impact against the heated Wall and` its direction of flow substantially changed by such heated Wall, provision should be made for catching and retaining the still unvolat-ilized liquid under such conditions that it willbe constantly agitated, subjected to a volatilizing heat and absorbed by the onlwardly flowing mixture stream. This is accomplished by providing the ripple ridge on thel Wall 16 of the vortex chamber.

It will be understood 'that for the most efficient operation of my device, the carbureter, of Whatever type may be used, will be set for a normal operation which will give a fuel' mixture of about 15 to 1 and that when the carbureter is manipulated' for starting, a'fuel ratio of about 9 to 1 will be obtained and the excess initiallyl unvolatilized fuelwill be available for enof excessive fuel supply will not have tor be maintained as long as has been heretofore customary.-

I claim as my invention:

1. A hot spot fuel passage comprising an inlet, an outlet, a -deflecting wall-arranged to receive the impact of the fuel from the inlet passage and to deflect the said fuel, an annular fuel-retaining puddle pocket arranged within the passage around the inlet, a heating chamber surrounding the passage and having an inlet passage adjacent the deflecting wall, a fuel outlet passage adjacent the puddle pocket. a bleeder outlet from said heatin chamber adjacent the puddle pocket, an means for variably controlling the flow through said bleeder passage.

an inlet. an outlet. an intermediate -vortex portion forming a fuel retainingpuddle pocket intermediate the inlet and outlet, ripple ridges in the puddle pocket portion ofthe vortex chamber. a deflectng wall arranged to receive the impact of the fuel from the inlet passage and to deflect the said 2. A hot spot fuel passage comprising) let passage and to deflect the said lfuel toward the vortex chamber, and an enveloping heatingchamber, said heating chamber having.a controllable outlet and an inlet adjacent the deflecting wall. r

4. A hot spot fuel passage comprising an inlet, an outlet, an intermediate vortex portion forming a puddle pocket intermediate the inlet and outlet, ripple ridges inthe puddle pocket vortex chamber so arranged that entrap ed liquid will flow by gravity over such ridiges in succession, a deflecting wall arranged to receive the impact of the fuel from the inlet passage and to deflect the said fuel toward the vortex chamber, and an envelo ing heating chamber, said heating chamber aving a controllable outlet.

5. A hot spot fuel passage comprising an inlet, an outlet, an intermediate vortex portion forming a puddle pocket intermediate the inlet and outlet, ripple ridges in the ortion of the vortex chamber so arrange that entrapped liquid will flow by gravity over such ridges in succession, a deflecting wall arranged to receive the impact of the fuel from the inlet passage and to deflect the said fuel from the vortex chamber, and an envelo ing heating chamber, said heating cliamlfier having a controllable outlet.

6. A hot spot fuel passage comprising an inlet, an outlet, an intermediate vortex portion forming a puddle pocket intermediate the inlet and outlet, ripple ridges lin the puddle pocket portion of the vortex chainber so arranged that entrapped liquid will `flow by gravity over such ridges in succession, a deflecting wall arranged to receive the impact of the fuel from the inlet passage and to deflect the said fuel toward the vortex chamber, and an enveloping heating chamber.

7. A hot spot fuel passage comprising an inlet, an outlet, a fuel-retaining puddle pocket arranged between the inlet and outlet, a deflecting wall arranged t0 receive the impact of the fuel from the inlet, ripple ridges in the puddle pocket so arranged that entrapped liquid will flow b gravity in succession over said ridges, an an enclosing heating chamber.

8. A hot spot fuel passage comprising a fuel inlet, an outlet, al deflecting wall arranged to receive the impact of the fuel from the inlet, a series of puddle pockets arranged between the inlet `and outlet so that entrapped liquid may flow by gravity from one pocket to another, and an enveloping heating chamber, said heating chamber having an inlet adjacent the deflecting wall and a controllable outlet adjacenta puddle pocket.

9. An inlet manifold comprising an inlet passage and a deflecting wall locally heated and arranged relative to said inlet passage to receive the impact of the liquid particles in the inflow and to cause said particles to drag along said wall, an inclined wall of said passage being provided with transverse pockets from which entrapped liquid may overflow by gravity from one pocket to another and be caught up in the passage air stream.

10. A hot spot fuel passage-comprising an inlet, an outlet, a deflecting wall arranged to receive the impact of the fuel from the inlet, a series of puddle pockets arranged between the inlet and outlet and at different distances from the outlet and an envelopin heating chamber, said heating chamber iaving a controllable outlet adjacent the puddle pocket.

11. An inlet manifold comprising a locally heated wall provided with transverse ridges and inclined downwardly transversely of the ridges and in the direction of fuel flow, whereby entrapped liquid may flow across said ridges in succession and be caught up in the passing air stream.

12. A hot spot fuel passage comprising an inlet, a deflect-ing wall arranged to receive the impact of the fuel from the inlet, a vortex chamber receiving the deflected flow from the deflecting wall, said vortex chamber having diametrically opposed discharge eyes and an intermediate discharge eye in a direction at right angles to the direction of the first-mentioned eyes, and an enveloping heating chamber.

13. hot spot fuel passage comprising an inlet, a deflecting Wall arranged to receive the impact of the fuel from the inlet, a vortex chamber receiving the deflected flow from the deflecting Wall, said vortex chamber having diametrically opposed discharge eyes and an..intermediate discharge eye in a direction at right angles to the direction of the first-mentioned eyes, ripple ridges arranged transversely in the lower part of the vortex chamber to form a series of puddle pockets, and an enveloping heating chamber. l

14. A hot spot fuel passage comprising an inlet, a. deflecting wall arranged to receive the impact of the fuel from the inlet, a vortex chamber receiving the deflected flow from the deflecting wall, said vortex charnber having diametrically opposed discharge eyes and an intermediate discharge eye in a direction at right angles to the direction of the first-mentioned eyes, an annular wall arranged beneath the deflecting wall around the inlet passage to form an annular puddle pocket, and an enveloping heating chamber.

15. A hot spot fuel passage comprising an inlet, a deflecting wall arranged to receive the impact of the fuel from the inlet, a vortex chamber receiving the deflected flow from the deflecting wall, said vortex chamber having dametrically opposed discharge eyes and an intermediate discharge eye in a direction at right angles to the direction of the first-mentioned eyes, ripple ridges arranged transversely in the lower part of the vortex chamber to form a series of puddle pockets, an annular wall arranged beneath the deflecting Wall around the inlet passage to form an annular puddle pocket, and an enveloping heating chamber.

In Witness whereof, I, ROBERT W. A. BREWER, have hereunto set m hand at Dayton, Ohio7 this 29th day of Jyuly, A. D. one

thousand nine hundred and twenty.

ROBERT WELLESLEY ANTONY BREWER. 

